Common wart (Verruca Vulgaris)

What is a common wart?

Definition and characteristics

A common wart, also known as verruca vulgaris, is a benign skin lesion caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It usually takes the form of small, rough tumors with an uneven surface that can appear on various parts of the body, most commonly on the hands and feet. These warts can be single or occur in clusters.

Causes and risk factors

The main cause of common warts is HPV infection, which is transmitted through direct skin contact or through contact with contaminated surfaces. Those at risk include people with weakened immune systems, children and those who frequently use public swimming pools and gyms.

Symptoms of common wart

How do you recognize a common wart?

Common warts are generally painless, although they can cause discomfort if they are located in areas subject to pressure, such as the soles of the feet. Typical symptoms include a rough, lumpy surface and a gray or brown color. They differ from other skin lesions by their characteristic roughness and the presence of small black dots, which are clotted blood vessels.

Diagnosis of common wart

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis of common warts is usually based on a physical examination by a dermatologist, who evaluates their appearance and location. In some cases, especially when the lesion is unusual, the doctor may order additional tests, such as a biopsy, to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment of common warts

Pharmacological methods

Treatment of common warts may include over-the-counter preparations, such as creams or patches containing salicylic acid. For warts that are more difficult to remove, doctors may prescribe stronger medications to help remove them.

Medical treatments

In cases that are resistant to drug treatment, doctors may recommend treatments such as cryotherapy, which involves freezing warts with liquid nitrogen, electrocoagulation or laser therapy, which remove warts through the use of electricity or laser light.

Home remedies for warts

Some patients try to remove warts using natural methods, such as applying tea tree oil or apple cider vinegar. However, it is important to remember that the effectiveness of these methods varies and they may not be suitable for everyone.

Prevention of common warts

Preventive measures

To reduce the risk of contracting HPV and developing common warts, it is important to follow personal hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding touching other people's warts. In addition, it is a good idea to wear protective footwear in public places such as swimming pools and locker rooms to avoid contact with the virus.

Common wart in children and adults

Specificity of occurrence

Common warts are relatively common in children because their immune systems are not yet fully developed, making them more susceptible to viral infections. In adults, warts may be less common, but people with weakened immune systems or who are exposed to frequent contact with the virus are also at risk.

When to go to the doctor?

Tips for medical consultation

It is advisable to consult a doctor for warts that are painful, grow rapidly, change color or shape, or when home treatment is unsuccessful. Prompt consultation is also recommended if the wart appears in intimate areas.

Summary

Key information

Common warts are a common skin problem caused by the HPV virus. Although they are usually harmless, they can cause discomfort and be a source of infection for others. It is important to follow hygiene rules and avoid contact with the virus, and if warts occur, consult a doctor to determine appropriate treatment.

Sources and additional literature

Recommended reading

• Scientific articles on HPV and warts
• Medical publications on the treatment of warts
• Dermatology books offering detailed information on various skin lesions