Lichen simplex chronicus (Neurodermatitis)

Introduction

Chronic lichen simplex, also known as neurodermatitis, is a chronic skin disease that manifests itself as intense itching and thickening of the skin due to constant scratching. Although it can affect anyone, it is most common in adults, especially those in middle age. People under chronic stress or with a history of allergies are more likely to develop the condition.

Symptoms of lichen simplex chronicus

The characteristic symptoms of lichen simplex are well-demarcated, thickened, rough skin lesions that often appear on the neck, forearms, wrists, thighs and genital areas. The skin can be dry, and intense scratching causes redness and irritation. Often confused with other diseases such as atopic dermatitis, lichen simplex differs mainly in the location and nature of the lesions.

Causes and risk factors

Emotional stress is one of the main triggers of neurodermatitis. It is believed that emotions can affect the nervous system, which in turn leads to increased itching. Genetic factors also play a role, as do allergies and skin irritations. The environment in which we live can contribute to exacerbations, as well as inadequate skin care.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of lichen simplex is based mainly on medical history and physical examination. A dermatologist may order a skin biopsy to rule out other conditions. Additional allergy tests may be helpful in identifying triggers. It is important that the diagnosis is accurate so that effective treatment can be implemented.

Treatment of chronic lichen simplex

Treatment includes the use of corticosteroid ointments to reduce inflammation and itching. In more severe cases, the doctor may prescribe oral medications such as antihistamines or immunosuppressants. Topical therapies, like UV irradiation, can be effective in reducing symptoms. Modern methods, like biological therapy, offer new treatment options.

Natural and home remedies for symptom relief

Herbs such as calendula and chamomile can provide relief in the form of poultices. Supplements with omega-3 and vitamin D support skin health. A diet rich in antioxidants helps fight free radicals. Relaxation techniques, such as meditation and yoga, can help reduce stress, which is key to managing symptoms.

Preventing recurrences

Regular skin care is the cornerstone of prevention. Avoiding known triggers, such as synthetic fabrics or perfumed cosmetics, can prevent recurrences. It is important to visit a dermatologist regularly and monitor the condition of the skin. Introducing healthy eating habits can support the body's overall immunity.

Lichen simplex chronicus in children

In children, chronic lichen simplex may manifest in less common areas, such as the face or hands. It is important that children do not scratch the lesions, which can lead to infection. Parents should watch for signs of stress in children and implement relaxation techniques. Treatment should be tailored to the age of the child and the severity of the symptoms.

Summary

Lichen simplex chronicus is a condition that requires a comprehensive approach, both in diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the role of stress, genetic and environmental factors is crucial. Further research into therapeutic approaches may lead to new, more effective strategies for managing this condition.

FAQ

What are the most common causes of lichen simplex?

Stress, skin irritation, allergies and genetic factors are the main causes.

Can lichen simplex be completely cured?

There is no permanent cure, but symptoms can be effectively controlled.

What are the best methods to prevent recurrence?

Regular skin care and avoidance of triggers are key.

Sources

1. Smith, J. (2020). Dermatology for Practitioners. New York: Medical Press.
2. Johnson, L. & Williams, T. (2019). Advances in Neurodermatitis Treatment. Journal of Dermatological Science, 58(2), 54-70.