Common wart (Verruca Vulgaris)

What is a common wart?

Definition and characteristics

A common wart, also known as verruca vulgaris, is a benign skin lesion caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). It usually takes the form of small, rough tumours with an uneven surface that can appear on various parts of the body, most commonly on the hands and feet. These warts can be solitary or occur in clusters.

Causes and risk factors

The main cause of common warts is HPV infection, which is transmitted through direct skin contact or through contact with contaminated surfaces. People with weakened immune systems, children and frequent users of public swimming pools and gyms are at risk.

Symptoms of a common wart

How do you recognise a common wart?

Common warts are generally painless, although they can cause discomfort if they are located in areas exposed to pressure, such as the soles of the feet. Typical symptoms include a rough, lumpy surface and a grey or brown colour. They differ from other skin lesions by their characteristic roughness and the presence of small black dots, which are clotted blood vessels.

Diagnosis of common wart

Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis of common warts is usually made on the basis of a physical examination by a dermatologist, who assesses their appearance and location. In some cases, especially if the lesion is atypical, the doctor may order additional tests, such as a biopsy, to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment of common warts

Pharmacological methods

Treatment of common warts may include over-the-counter preparations such as creams or patches containing salicylic acid. For warts that are more difficult to remove, doctors may prescribe stronger medications to aid removal.

Medical treatments

In cases that are refractory to drug treatment, doctors may recommend treatments such as cryotherapy, which involves freezing warts with liquid nitrogen, electrocoagulation or laser therapy, which remove warts through the use of electricity or laser light.

Home remedies for warts

Some patients try to remove warts using natural methods such as the application of tea tree oil or apple cider vinegar. However, it is important to remember that the effectiveness of these methods varies and they may not be suitable for everyone.

Prevention of common warts

Preventive measures

To reduce the risk of HPV infection and the development of common warts, it is important to follow personal hygiene rules, such as washing your hands regularly and avoiding touching other people's warts. In addition, it is a good idea to wear protective footwear in public places such as swimming pools and changing rooms to avoid contact with the virus.

Common wart in children and adults

Specificity of occurrence

Common warts are relatively common in children because their immune system is not yet fully developed, making them more susceptible to viral infections. In adults, warts may be less common, but people with weakened immunity or who are exposed to frequent viral contact are also at risk.

When to see a doctor?

Advice on medical consultation

It is advisable to consult a doctor if warts are painful, grow rapidly, change colour or shape, or if home treatment is unsuccessful. A quick consultation is also recommended if the wart appears in intimate areas.

Summary

Key information

Common warts are a common skin problem caused by the HPV virus. Although they are usually harmless, they can cause discomfort and be a source of infection for others. It is important to follow hygiene rules and avoid contact with the virus, and if warts occur, consult a doctor to determine appropriate treatment.

Sources and additional literature

Recommended reading

• Scientific articles on HPV and warts
• Medical publications on the treatment of warts
• Dermatology books offering detailed information on various skin lesions